2.2 Collecting Evidence
Choose representative sites and samples and collect reliable primary and useful secondary evidence.
How to study WJEC GCSE Geography
Move from place and process to mapped or numerical evidence, explain inter-relationships across scale, and finish with a supported geographical judgement.
Core concepts
Concept 1
2.2.1 Site choice, sample size and opportunistic, random, stratified and systematic sampling
Exam cue: Confirm the current WJEC unit, numbered content area, geographical scale, named context and assessment form before selecting evidence.
Concept 2
2.2.2 Data sheets, field equipment, accuracy, reliability and qualitative or quantitative primary techniques
Exam cue: Justify the sampling and method by explaining how each improves representativeness, accuracy or relevance to the enquiry.
Concept 3
2.2.3 Relevant secondary data for context, comparison, reliability and validity
Exam cue: Use mapped, numerical, graphical, fieldwork or source evidence to explain process and inter-relationship, then make a scale- and context-aware judgement.
Risk pitfalls and guardrails
Listing equipment or sampling labels without showing why the resulting evidence can answer the enquiry question.
Guardrail: Do not import legacy or Eduqas structures, invent an option split or make claims that exceed the named evidence and assessment controls.
Importing the legacy WJEC 3110 structure, an Eduqas option pattern or an England 9-1 grading convention.
Guardrail: Do not import legacy or Eduqas structures, invent an option split or make claims that exceed the named evidence and assessment controls.
Treating an annual Unit 2 theme, local example or Unit 4 Resource Pack as a separate qualification or a compulsory option for every learner.
Guardrail: Use one centre-selected theme valid for the submission year; do not split themes into separate qualifications or replace the live Assessment Pack with guidance examples.
Memory anchors
primary data
Evidence collected first-hand for the current enquiry.
secondary data
Existing evidence collected by another source or for another purpose.
random sampling
Selection in which every member or location has an equal chance.
systematic sampling
Selection at a regular interval or pattern.
stratified sampling
Selection that represents defined subgroups in proportion or by design.
reliability
The consistency and repeatability of a method or result.
Checkpoint rule
Do the check-up only after you can summarize each concept in one sentence and identify one dangerous pitfall from memory.
Knowledge Check (after reading)
Short check-up to confirm understanding of this module.
Check-up Questions
What makes the selection random?
What is the total sample size?
Answer all questions to submit.
Next step personalized recommendations
Continue learning
Move forward only after this module is stable.
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