Liability Principles, Parties and Attempts
Actus reus, mens rea, coincidence, causation, principal and accomplice liability, and attempts.
How to study for FLK2
Use closed-book rule anchors, realistic client facts, primary-classification ranges and an ethical decision check across every subject.
Core concepts
Concept 1
Identify voluntary conduct, omission duty, circumstance, result and causation in the actus reus.
Exam cue: Create an element table for each defendant.
Concept 2
Apply intention, recklessness, knowledge, dishonesty and other offence-specific fault at the correct time.
Exam cue: Separate agreement, preparation, assistance and completed commission.
Concept 3
Distinguish principal liability from intentional assistance or encouragement and any withdrawal issue.
Concept 4
Apply intent and more-than-merely-preparatory conduct to attempt and recognise impossible attempts.
Risk pitfalls and guardrails
Transferring one defendant's mens rea automatically to another.
Guardrail: Check the sitting-specific law cutoff, keep Solicitors Accounts in its official context and reject any answer that imports an FLK1 rule as the controlling subject.
Treating mere preparation as an attempt.
Guardrail: Check the sitting-specific law cutoff, keep Solicitors Accounts in its official context and reject any answer that imports an FLK1 rule as the controlling subject.
Memory anchors
Liability Principles, Parties and Attempts: scope
Actus reus, mens rea, coincidence, causation, principal and accomplice liability, and attempts.
Liability Principles, Parties and Attempts: focus 1
Identify voluntary conduct, omission duty, circumstance, result and causation in the actus reus.
Liability Principles, Parties and Attempts: focus 2
Apply intention, recklessness, knowledge, dishonesty and other offence-specific fault at the correct time.
Liability Principles, Parties and Attempts: focus 3
Distinguish principal liability from intentional assistance or encouragement and any withdrawal issue.
Liability Principles, Parties and Attempts: focus 4
Apply intent and more-than-merely-preparatory conduct to attempt and recognise impossible attempts.
Checkpoint rule
Do the check-up only after you can summarize each concept in one sentence and identify one dangerous pitfall from memory.
Knowledge Check (after reading)
Short check-up to confirm understanding of this module.
Check-up Questions
Next step personalized recommendations
Continue learning
Move forward only after this module is stable.
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